What Is a Network Map? A Guide to Building and Maintaining Network Maps
A network map serves as a visual blueprint of your network’s topology, showing how nodes connect, where traffic flows, and where performance or security issues may emerge. In modern hybrid and multicloud environments, a useful network map is less like a static diagram and more like a continuously updated “source of truth” for infrastructure teams.
In this article, you’ll learn what a network map is, the different types of network topology maps you may need, and how to build and maintain network maps that stay accurate as your environment changes.
What Is a Network Map?
A network map (also called a network topology map or network diagram) is a visual representation of a network’s physical and logical layout. It shows how devices, virtual resources, and network segments are interconnected, and it often overlays traffic, utilization, or health data so you can understand how the network behaves, not just how it’s wired.
Network map vs. network topology mapping vs. topology mapper
These terms are often used interchangeably, but they’re slightly different:
- Network map / network topology map: the output (a visual diagram of network connectivity).
- Network topology mapping: the process of discovering and representing network connections and dependencies.
- Network topology mapper: the tool that automates network discovery, keeps the map current, and lets you drill into detail.
Types of network maps used in modern environments
Most organizations need more than one “layer” of mapping, because the network you operate is more than routers and switches.
- Physical topology maps: show hardware, links, and site connectivity.
- Logical topology maps: show routing, traffic relationships, sites, providers, and service boundaries (even when the physical wiring is abstracted).
- Cloud topology maps: show cloud regions, VPCs/VNets, subnets, gateways, and interconnects across AWS/Azure/GCP/OCI.
- Kubernetes topology maps: show clusters, namespaces, services, and deployments, and how Kubernetes traffic connects to the rest of the network.
- Connectivity/path maps: show the forward and return paths between endpoints so you can pinpoint where connectivity is blocked (routing, ACL, security group, firewall policy, etc.).
Key Features of a Network Map
- Nodes and connections: Displays devices, virtual resources, and their interconnections.
- Topology detail at multiple layers: Physical wiring and devices, plus logical constructs like VLANs, subnets, and gateways.
- Traffic context: Shows where traffic is flowing and how much, so you can understand dependencies and hotspots.
- Health and performance overlays: Highlights unhealthy links or entities (for example: high utilization, resource exhaustion, or down links).
- Interactive drill-down: Lets you search, filter, zoom, and click into entities for deeper details.
Having a network map is crucial for troubleshooting, capacity planning, change impact analysis, and security. It provides a shared understanding of how the network is built and how it behaves under real conditions.
Kentik in brief: Kentik is the network intelligence platform for modern infrastructure teams, providing unified visibility across data center, cloud, WAN, and the public internet. Kentik collects telemetry like flow data, internet routing, performance tests, and network metrics to help teams troubleshoot, optimize performance, control cost, and strengthen security.
Learn how AI-powered insights help you predict issues, optimize performance, reduce costs, and enhance security.
Why Do You Need a Network Map?
Network mapping provides practical, day-to-day operational value for NetOps, cloud, and SRE teams, including:
- Network maps enable resource optimization by identifying underutilized devices or bandwidth bottlenecks. For example, they can reveal that a link is saturated during a predictable window, prompting capacity planning or rerouting.
- Network maps streamline troubleshooting and diagnostics by showing the blast radius of an issue and helping with root cause identification. If a segment goes down, a map can quickly reveal affected sites, devices, or subnets so you can isolate the problem without disrupting unaffected areas.
- Network maps aid in security management by making unusual connections stand out. When an unexpected path or unfamiliar node appears, you can investigate faster and reduce time-to-containment.
- Network maps accelerate disaster recovery by clarifying dependencies. If a site or gateway fails, the map helps you reroute traffic to backups and minimize service interruption.
- Network maps reduce change risk by making network dependencies visible. When you change routes, policies, or cloud gateways, topology and path views help you validate what will be impacted before and after the change.
Now that you know why network mapping matters, let’s walk through how to build and maintain a network map that stays accurate.
Step-by-Step Guide to Building Your Network Map
The following are the steps you need to take to build your own network map:
Collect Inventory
Start by gathering a complete inventory of all network-connected assets, including routers, switches, firewalls, servers, wireless access points, load balancers, NAS, and critical “edge” devices such as SD-WAN appliances. It’s also important to inventory:
- Virtual infrastructure: VMs, virtual switches, virtual routers, and network function virtualization (NFV) components.
- Cloud environments: cloud accounts/subscriptions/projects, VPCs/VNets, subnets, gateways, security controls, and flow-log sources.
- Kubernetes environments: clusters, namespaces, services, and key dependencies that communicate with the rest of the network.
This stage gives you a clear view of what exists before you start mapping relationships.
Because inventory collection can be time-consuming and error-prone, it’s recommended to use automation whenever possible. Many environments use protocols like the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) plus additional telemetry sources to automate discovery and keep inventories current.
Use Automated Network Mapping Tools
Automated network mapping tools (topology mappers) help you discover connectivity, keep maps current as environments change, and add context that static diagrams can’t provide. This is especially important in hybrid and multicloud environments, where networks change frequently and manual mapping cannot keep pace.
What to look for in a network topology mapper
When evaluating mapping tools, look for capabilities that match how modern infrastructure actually works:
- Continuous updates not just “quarterly diagram refreshes”
- Hybrid topology views that visualize on-prem, cloud, and Internet components
- Cloud topology drill-down to show provider → region → VPC/VNet → subnet connections
- Health overlays so you can see what’s broken, not just what exists
- Kubernetes-aware mapping to see which clusters and services connect to the same real network
- Connectivity/path analysis that shows where traffic is blocked (routing + policy + security controls)
How Kentik supports network topology mapping
Kentik provides multiple mapping and topology visualization capabilities designed for real-world hybrid environments.
1. Kentik Map for live topology visualization (on-prem, cloud, and Internet): Kentik Map organizes your environment into top-level “blocks” (Clouds, Internet, On Prem) and lets you drill down into topology views for sites, devices, and cloud resources. You can view traffic relationships between entities and navigate to deeper detail directly from the map.
2. Cloud topology mapping and interconnect visibility: Kentik’s cloud topology views let you drill down from a cloud provider to regions, then into VPCs/VNets and subnets. These views are designed to show how your cloud resources connect to on-prem infrastructure, other clouds, and the Internet, which is especially useful for understanding multicloud interconnects.
3. Health overlays powered by SNMP and device metrics: Topology maps are most useful when they show health and risk. Kentik can overlay health indicators based on SNMP-polled device and interface metrics so teams can quickly spot degraded links or stressed devices and then drill down to detail.
4. Logical Map for simplified topology communication (formerly “Network Map”): Kentik’s Logical Map provides a topology diagram view of devices, sites, providers, and the links between them, with traffic on those links. This is useful for quickly communicating what’s happening on the network to both technical and less-technical stakeholders.
5. Connectivity/path mapping with Cloud Pathfinder (Connectivity Checker): Cloud Pathfinder helps troubleshoot cloud connection problems by analyzing cloud metadata and visualizing the forward and return paths between two points in AWS or Azure. This is particularly useful for identifying asymmetric routing, missing routes, or security-policy blocks (NACLs, security groups, firewall policies) without manually stitching together data from multiple consoles.
Tip: For cloud mapping to stay accurate, topology tools should pull cloud metadata (VPCs/VNets, subnets, security groups/NSGs, NACLs, gateways, interconnect resources, etc.) and enrich traffic analytics with that metadata.
In this short video demonstration, Kentik evangelist Phil Gervasi shows how the Kentik Map provides detailed insights into your cloud topology, including AWS, transit gateways, VPCs, and on-premises resources:
Document Device Details
Alongside mapping, documenting device details such as MAC addresses, hostnames, device types, and manufacturers is equally important. This supports precise identification and efficient management of each component.
Detailed records also improve troubleshooting and security by helping you quickly spot unauthorized devices and unexpected changes. Automation tools like Kentik help here because registered devices can be listed and tracked centrally.
Create Multiple Network Layers
Creating a multilayered network map is a strategic approach to managing the complexity of modern architectures. It helps avoid a single “everything diagram” that’s hard to read and hard to keep current.
A practical layered approach might include:
- Layer 1 (Physical and site topology): routers, switches, firewalls, and site connectivity.
- Layer 2 (Virtual segmentation): VLANs, overlay networks, and routing boundaries.
- Layer 3 (Cloud and interconnect topology): regions, VPCs/VNets, subnets, gateways, and cloud interconnects.
- Layer 4 (Service and application connectivity): service dependencies, Kubernetes topology, and key application paths.
Network mapping tools like Kentik can help you take the multilayer approach further by grouping devices using labels, so you can reference collections of devices by function, region, client, or application.
Following the steps above, you can build a comprehensive, dynamic network map that supports both day-to-day operations and longer-term planning.
Tools for Network Mapping and Topology Mapping in 2026
Network mapping tools typically fall into a few buckets: (1) network observability and intelligence platforms that map topology plus traffic and paths, (2) topology mappers that focus on auto-discovery and device relationships, (3) internet path visualization / DEM tools that map paths to SaaS and external dependencies, and (4) diagramming tools for documentation and change management.
Below is a practical shortlist that reflects how teams build mapping workflows today:
-
Kentik: Kentik combines topology mapping with traffic, routing context, and cloud metadata so maps don’t just show what exists, but how the network behaves. It’s especially useful for hybrid and multi-cloud environments where you need internet path visualization and connectivity context alongside topology.
-
Auvik: Auvik is known for fast deployment and automated discovery that produces an up-to-date topology map. It’s often used by IT teams and MSPs who want quick visibility into device relationships and changes.
-
SolarWinds Network Topology Mapper (NTM): SolarWinds NTM focuses on automated topology discovery and generating network diagrams, which many teams use to document device connectivity and support troubleshooting.
-
NetBrain: NetBrain emphasizes dynamic mapping and path visualization for operational troubleshooting in complex networks, reducing reliance on static diagrams.
-
LogicMonitor Topology Mapping: LogicMonitor provides topology maps that help visualize relationships and dependencies and tie topology views into monitoring and alert workflows.
-
Cisco ThousandEyes (path visualization): ThousandEyes is commonly used for outside-in visibility of internet and SaaS paths. Teams use it to understand whether an issue is inside their network, at a provider, or in the SaaS/internet path.
-
Diagramming tools (Lucidchart, Visio): These tools are best for documentation and communication, but they are typically manual and won’t stay current without operational inputs from monitoring and discovery tools.
Best Practices for Maintaining Your Network Map
A network map is only useful if it reflects reality. These practices help ensure your map stays accurate as networks change.
Integrate with Change Management
Any change to routing, policies, devices, or cloud gateways should be reflected in your network map. Tie mapping updates to change workflows so your map remains a dependable reference rather than a historical artifact.
Use Network Monitoring and Observability Tools
Integrating topology views with monitoring improves both. Monitoring keeps your map current, while maps provide the context you need to interpret alerts and anomalies.
For example, Kentik’s telemetry capabilities help teams visualize and analyze network traffic across hybrid environments, supporting advanced network monitoring and observability.
Conduct Regular Audits
Regular audits help you verify device information, cloud resource inventories, and topology correctness. They also help you identify security vulnerabilities, optimize performance, and support capacity planning.
Document Changes and Foster Communication
Maintain a detailed change log for configuration updates, device replacements, cloud architecture changes, and routing or policy adjustments. Use regular reviews to ensure teams share a consistent understanding of the environment and can reconcile discrepancies quickly.
How Kentik Can Help with Network Mapping
A well-maintained network map is a cornerstone of effective network management, helping you navigate the complexity of hybrid, multicloud, and containerized environments with more confidence and less guesswork.
If you’re interested in creating and maintaining a network map, consider Kentik. The Kentik Network Intelligence Platform offers a modern, SaaS-based approach to topology visualization and troubleshooting for today’s hybrid and multicloud networks. Start a free trial or request a demo to try it yourself.
Frequently Asked Questions About Network Maps and Network Topology Mapping
What is a network topology mapper?
A network topology mapper is a tool that automatically discovers connections between network entities (devices, sites, subnets, cloud resources) and generates an up-to-date network topology map. Modern topology mappers also add traffic, health, and connectivity context so teams can troubleshoot faster.
What’s the difference between a logical map and a physical topology map?
A physical topology map focuses on hardware and physical connectivity. A logical map focuses on how traffic and services flow between sites, devices, and providers, even when physical wiring is abstracted behind cloud and virtualization layers.
How do topology mapping tools stay current in cloud networks?
Cloud environments change frequently, so topology mapping tools stay current by ingesting cloud metadata (networks, subnets, gateways, security controls) and enriching traffic analytics with that metadata. This enables accurate cloud topology maps and faster troubleshooting when connectivity fails.
Can network maps help troubleshoot cloud connectivity issues?
Yes. Connectivity and path mapping can show the forward and return paths between endpoints and highlight where traffic is blocked by routing or security policies. Tools like Cloud Pathfinder can reduce troubleshooting time by visualizing the path instead of requiring engineers to manually assemble the story from multiple consoles.
